英語閱讀理解：典型例題解析

　　【復習目標】▲學會用比較法做出正確判斷。

　　▲學會先做容易題，后做難題，依靠上下文，通過分析詞的構(gòu)成來猜測詞義;學會帶有目的地快速瀏覽全文，以獲取和查找主要信息。

　　【解題思路】

　　1.通讀作文，了解大意，首要的問題是讀懂閱讀材料，從材料中捕捉到文中的各種信息。既要留意短文中的主要信息，還要留意某個細節(jié)，某個生詞在文中的確切含義等。

　　2.圍繞題干，細讀明辨。讀懂了短文，獲取了文中信息之后，便開始答題。首先，要看清內(nèi)容要求。其題涉及的內(nèi)容都會在文中直接或間接地體現(xiàn)出來。其次，要進行細致的推理和判斷。有些題目很難或無法從所給材料中作出明確判斷，這時，要統(tǒng)觀全文，在理解文字表面意思的基礎上進行深入分析、推理，或結(jié)合文章主題或按常識進行思考、判斷，從而推斷出答案。

　　3.為求穩(wěn)妥，復核檢查，在完成全部答案后，還必須快速地、有針對性地，重讀一遍短文，特別要留意與題目相關的文字。

　　【典型例題解析】

　　例1The giraffe is the tallest modern land animal. It can be over 5.5 metres tall. Its neck alone may be 1.9metres long. Yet the giraffe has only seven bones in its neck, the same number as in the human. Even a small bird has many more bones in its neck than in a tall giraffe. Each bone in a giraffe's neck is very long, while the bones in a human neck are small. That makes the difference. A female giraffe gives birth to one baby at a time. The baby, called a calf, is about 1.9 metres tall at birth. By the age of eight it is full-grown. The giraffe eats mostly leaves. Because it has a long neck, it can reach the leaves high up on the trees.

　　(1)In this passage the underlined word “giraffe” means _______.

　　A.?鯨魚 B.?長頸鹿 C.?大象 D.?恐龍

　　(2)The bones in a bird's neck is ________.

　　A. as big as in a human's neck B. not so big as in a giraffe's neck

　　C. many more than in a human's neck D. much smaller in a giraffe's neck

　　(3)Which of the following is true?

　　A. A giraffe has only seven bones

　　B. The giraffe is the largest animal on the land

　　C. It takes eight years for a giraffe to grow up

　　D. Most of the leaves on the trees are eaten by giraffes

　　(4)When a giraffe is born, it is about ______.

　　A. 5.5 metres long B. 5.5 metres tall

　　C. 1.9 metres long D. 1.9 metres tall

　　(5)We can guess when giraffe see a tiger _______.

　　A. it will run away as fast as possible

　　B. it will run to eat the tiger

　　C. it will make the tiger bring it something to eat

　　D. it will make one of the smallest animals bring the tiger something to eat

　　解析 (1)根據(jù)下文頸長1.9米且是陸地動物，顯然B是正確答案。

　　(2)giraffe頸骨的數(shù)量和人類頸骨數(shù)量相同，但鳥的頸骨數(shù)量比giraffe頸骨數(shù)量多，所以正確答案為C。

　　(3)這是一題細讀題，文章中“By the age of eight it is full-grown.”故選C。

　　(4)這也是細讀題，文章中“The baby, called a calf, is about 1.9 metres tall at birth.”故選D。

　　(5)這一題考查常識知識，長頸鹿看到虎，當然是盡力跑開，故選A。

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