來源:網(wǎng)絡資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-03-30 19:21:54
2. 表示傾向性和習慣性:
Fish will die without water.
When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt.
3. 一般將來時的幾種句式結(jié)構(gòu)辨析:
1) will / shall + 動詞原形
多用于表達主觀愿望或必定會發(fā)生的事情(“將會如何”)
*shall作助動詞時一般只用于第一人稱
2) be going to + 動詞原形
表示即將發(fā)生或打算要做的事:
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
3) be to + 動詞原形
表示按計劃或安排即將要發(fā)生的動作:
He is to visit Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report on Monday.
4) be about to + 動詞原形
表示即將發(fā)生的動作,意為“馬上要做某事”,后面一般不跟時間狀語,如:
The plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on you.
4
現(xiàn)在進行時
標志:be + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
1. 表示說話時正在進行的動作:
She is writing a letter upstairs.
Who are you waiting for?
It is raining hard.
2. 表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進行的動作(說話時動作未必正在進行):
I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel.
3. 表示反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作,往往包含說話者贊揚、責備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如:
John is forever asking silly questions like a stupid.
He is always thinking of others first.
4. 表示將來
1) 表示按計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作,僅適用于部分趨向動詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:
Uncle Wang is coming.
They're leaving for Beijing.
2) 在時間和條件狀語從句中,現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來某時正在發(fā)生的事情。如:
Please drop in when you are passing my way.
If he is still sleeping, don’t wake him up.
5
過去進行時
標志:was / were + 動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
1. 表示過去某一時刻或一段時間正在進行的動作,過去進行時中常用的時間狀語有the whole morning, all day yesterday, from January to March last year等。如:
I was having a talk with Lucy at that time.
They were watching TV at home last night.
2. 表示過去反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作,往往包含說話者贊揚、責備、厭惡等情緒,通常與always, constantly, continually, forever等頻度副詞連用。如:
My brother was always losing his keys.
3. 表示按計劃、安排過去某時刻將要發(fā)生的動作,僅適用于部分趨向動詞(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:
He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.
4. 過去進行時有一個主要用法就是描述一件事情發(fā)生的背景(一個長動作延續(xù)的時候,另一個短動作發(fā)生):
Granny fell asleep when she was reading.
It was raining when they left the station.
6
現(xiàn)在完成時
標志:have / has + 動詞的過去分詞
1. 表示一個過去發(fā)生并已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響或結(jié)果,強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的狀況(表示“已完成”)。如:
He has left the city. (結(jié)果:他目前不在這個城市)
Someone has broken the window. (結(jié)果:窗戶破了)
2. 表示一個動作開始于過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也可能還會繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去(表示“未完成”)。
I have been busy since last week.
He has taught in our school for 30 years.
I’ve finished half so far.
注意 瞬間動詞通常是不能用現(xiàn)在完成時表持續(xù)性的,但其否定結(jié)構(gòu)則可以。如:
She hasn’t seen you for ages.
His father hasn’t touched beer for a whole week.
3. 表示過去到現(xiàn)在為止反復發(fā)生的動作或多次出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),常與表示頻度的副詞always, often, every day等連用。如:
I have often heard that he is the cleverest person in that company.
4. 在時間和條件狀語從句中,現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來某時完成的動作。如:
I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go the park.
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