來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-04-08 15:32:02
Ⅱ.用括號中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. hundred 2. go 3. healthy 4. students
5. get 6. goes 7. hundreds
8. has 9. takes 10. like
III.選詞填空。
1. no 2. across 3. 9-year-old 4. unlike
5. thinks over 6. come true 7. an
8. or 9. take the subway 10. For
02
重點(diǎn)句型解析
1. be afraid…
afraid是形容詞, 意為“害怕的, 恐懼的”。常和系動詞一起構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
I am not afraid. 我不害怕。
句式be afraid是afraid最常用的形式,其常見的用法有:
1)be afraid of
① be afraid of 后跟名詞或者代詞,意為“害怕某人或某物”。例如:
Are you afraid of dogs? 你害怕狗嗎?
She seems very much afraid of him. 她好像很害怕他。
、 be afraid of后跟動名詞時,意為“怕做某事或不敢做某事”。例如: I’m afraid of telling her. 我不敢告訴她。
He is afraid of jumping. 他不敢跳。
③ be afraid of還可以指“擔(dān)心會發(fā)生某事或某情況(但實(shí)際上未必會發(fā)生)”。例如:
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
I am afraid of hurting her feelings. 我怕傷害她的感情。
2)be afraid to
be afraid to 后接動詞原形,意為“害怕做某事或不敢做某事”。例如: He is afraid to fly in a plane. 他不敢坐飛機(jī)。
注意:表示擔(dān)心會發(fā)生某事或某情況,只能用 be afraid of , 而表示“害怕做某事或不敢做某事”時,既可以用be afraid of 也可以用be afraid to。例如:
Don’t be afraid to ask (of asking) question.
不要害怕問問題。
He is afraid to go out (of going out) alone at night.
他不敢晚上一個人出去。
3)be afraid that
be afraid that后跟一個完整的句子,意為“擔(dān)心/恐怕……”。例如:
He is afraid that she will not come. 他擔(dān)心她不會來。
I am afraid I can’t help you. 恐怕我?guī)筒涣四恪?br />
在日?谡Z中, “I’m afraid that…”在很多場合相當(dāng)于“I’m sorry, but…”。用于提出異議,說出令人不快的事實(shí),拒絕對方的要求等,使語氣委婉。例如:
I'm afraid I don't understand. 抱歉,我不明白你的意思。
I’m afraid you are wrong. (You are wrong, I’m afraid.) 恐怕你錯了。
4)在口語中I’m afraid so. 和I’m afraid not.常用作簡略答語。例如:
。璉s it going to rain tomorrow? 明天會下雨嗎?
-I’m afraid so. 恐怕會。
。璉’m afraid not. 恐怕不會。
2. It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1)It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,意為“做某事需要花費(fèi)某人多長時間”。take在此意為“花費(fèi)”,it是形式主語,真正的主語是后面的不定式to do sth.,對這個句式 中的時間提問時用how long。例如:
It takes me half an hour to finish my homework every day.
我每天花費(fèi)半個小時的時間做作業(yè)。
How long does it take you from your home to school?
從學(xué)校到你家要花多長時間?
2)動詞spend也有“花費(fèi)多長時間做某事”的意思,但句式和take不同。它的句式是“sb. spends + 時間或金錢+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.”。例如: I spend about 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework every day.
我每天花大約三個小時做作業(yè)。
3. How do you get to school?
1)這是由how構(gòu)成的一個特殊疑問句,用來提問到達(dá)某地的方式。句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是“How+ do/does+主語+謂語+其他”。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,助動詞用does,其余人稱用do。例如:
How do you go home every day? 你每天怎么回家?
How does your father get to work? 你爸爸怎么去上班?
2)特殊疑問詞how 有“如何,怎樣,多么”等意,用于詢問動作執(zhí)行的方式、手段、程度。例如:
— How does your father go to work? 你父親怎樣去上班?
— On foot. 步行。
— How do you like China? 你覺得中國怎么樣?
— Very much. 非常喜歡。
— How are your parents? 你父母身體怎樣?
— Fine. Thank you. 很好,謝謝!
拓展:
how可以和不同的詞搭配,構(gòu)成不同的意思來引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句, 除了我們之前學(xué)過的 “how about, how many/ much, how old”等,常見的搭配還有:
how far 用來詢問距離,意為“多遠(yuǎn)”;
how long用于詢問時間的長短或者物體的長度意為“多長/久”。例如:
How far is it from your school to the cinema?
從你們學(xué)校到電影院有多遠(yuǎn)?
How long is the river? 那條河有多長?
4. 表示“乘……”的幾種表達(dá)方式
1)用介詞短語來表示交通方式,介詞短語在句中作狀語。
(1) 用“by + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如:
by bike騎自行車 by car乘小汽車 by bus乘公共汽車
(2) 用“by + 交通路線的位置”來表示交通方式。例如:
by water由水路 by land從陸路 by sea從海路 by air乘飛機(jī)
(3) 用“in/on + 冠詞/形容詞性物主代詞/指示代詞 + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。 其中,in多用在car等交通工具之前,而on多用在bike/horse/bus/train/ship等交通工具之前,它們的用法與“by + 交通工具名詞”的用法相同。例如:
She often goes to school on a/her bike.= She often goes to school by bike.她經(jīng)常騎自行車上學(xué)。
(4) on foot步行。on foot是固定搭配,表示步行,其中foot不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式feet,其前也不加任何修飾詞。例如:
She often goes to school on foot. 她經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)。
2)用動詞短語表示交通方式,動詞短語在句中作謂語。
(1)用“take + a/the + 交通工具名詞”表示交通方式。例如:
take a train乘火車 take a bus乘公共汽車
take a ship乘船 take a plane乘飛機(jī)
注意:“騎自行車”要翻譯為“ride a bike”
(2) 用某些動詞來表示交通方式。例如:
walk to步行去 drive to開車去 ride to騎車/馬去
注意:如果接地點(diǎn)副詞here; there; home時,介詞to應(yīng)該省略。
5. I’m not sure.
1)這句話的意思是“我不是很肯定。/ 我不是很有把握。”;是一個表達(dá)對自己所判斷的事物沒有確切把握時的一個固定套語,它的疑問形式和肯定形式也常用于口語中。例如:
。瑼re you sure? 你確信嗎?
。璝es, I’m sure. 是的,我確信。
2)其中的形容詞sure意為“肯定的,確定的”, 可以構(gòu)成詞組make sure, 意為“把事情弄清楚,確信,務(wù)使”等;可以直接在句子中作謂語。例如:
Make sure everybody understand you.
要確信每一個人都明白你的意思。
練一練:
Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容補(bǔ)全對話,每空一詞(L:Lisa J:Jane)。
L: Is this your new bike?
J: Yes. I 1 it to school every day. How do you 2 to school?
L: I usually 3 the bus.
J: How 4 is it from your school to home?
L: I’m not 5 . It’s about 10 kilometers. The bus 6 takes about 20 minutes. How about you?
J: About 15 minutes 7 bike. It’s good 8 .
L: Yeath. Well, have a 9 day at school.
J: You, 10 .
、.句型轉(zhuǎn)換,每空一詞。
1. They go to school by train. (對劃線部分提問)
_____ do they _____ to school?
2. It takes about 20 minutes to go there by bus. (對劃線部分提問)
_____ _____ does it _____ to go there by bus?
3. It is 5 kilometers from my home to school. (對劃線部分提問)
_____ _____ is it from _____ home to school?
4. I’m sure. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洌?br />
____________________?
5. Students go to school by bike every day. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
Students _____ _____ _____ to school every day.
6. I often have bread for breakfast. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?
_____ you often _____ bread for breakfast?
7. Usually it takes him two hours to finish his homework. (變?yōu)橥x句)
_____usually _____ two hours _____ _____ his homework.
8. Does Jane walk to school? (變?yōu)榭隙ň?
Jane ______ _______school.
9. They take the bus to school. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?
______ they______ the bus to school?
10. She takes the subway to go to school. (變?yōu)橥x句)
She ____ _____ school ____ ____.
III.根據(jù)漢語意思,完成句子,每空一詞。
1. — 吉姆,你怎樣到校?— 步行。
— Jim, ____ do you ____ ____ school?
— _____ _____.
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