來源:網(wǎng)絡資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-04-08 16:02:12
01
詞匯講解
1. for/since
(1) for與表示一段時間的詞連用,表示“做某事多長時間了”,常用于現(xiàn)在完成時,表示從過去某時開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。for所在句子中的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞。例如:
I’ve lived inChinafor two years. 我住在中國兩年了。
I’ve known him for more than twenty years. 我認識他20多年了。
(2) since作連詞,引導時間狀語從句,從句用一般過去時,主句常用完成時。例如:
I have studied English since I came here. 自從我來這里就學習英語。
I have known her since I was five years old. 自從我五歲就認識她。
since還可以作介詞,連接一個過去的時間點或一段時間+ago。例如:
She has been ill since last weekend.
她自從上周末就病了。
She has been in Wuhan since four years ago.
自從四年前她就在武漢。
2. maker
maker是名詞,意為“生產(chǎn)者;制造者”,是由“動詞make + 后綴-r”構成的。英語中,表示職業(yè)或身份的名詞小結:
(1) 以-ist結尾的有:
pianist鋼琴家 chemist化學家 violinist小提琴家
physicist物理學家 scientist科學家
(2) 以-er,-r或-or結尾的有:
teacher教師 painter畫家
writer作家 singer歌唱家
visitor參觀者 actor演員
engineer工程師 inventor發(fā)明家
professor教授 reporter記者
(3) 以-man結尾的有:
postman郵遞員 policeman警察
businessman商人 spaceman宇航員
fisherman漁夫 dustman清潔工
(4) 以-ian結尾的有:
musician音樂家 politician政治家
3. certain
certain作形容詞,意為“某種;某事;某人”。例如:
He decided to sell his certain books.
他決定賣掉他的某些書籍。
【拓展】certain作形容詞,意為“確定的;無疑的”,相當于sure,對應的副詞為certainly。certain常用于以下結構中:
be certain / sure of sth. 對某事有把握
be certain / sure to do sth. 肯定做某事
be certain / sure + that從句 確信…… 例如:
They are certain / sure of success. 他們有把握成功。
I’m certain / sure that he will come. 我確信他會成功的。
4. a 46-year-old husband and father
46-year-old是復合形容詞,這種形容詞有兩個特點:一是詞與詞之間要用連字符連接;二是數(shù)詞之后的名詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:
a three-meter-long line一條三米長的繩子
【拓展】歲數(shù)的表達方式小結:
(1) 基數(shù)詞 + years old。例如:
He is 8 years old. 他八歲了。
(2) 基礎詞-year-old。例如:
Lucy is an eighteen-year-old girl. Lucy是一位18歲的女孩。
(3) 名詞 + of + 基礎詞。例如:
Tom is a boy of 18. Tom是一位18歲的男孩。
(4) at the age of + 基數(shù)詞。例如:
She is at the age of 18. 她18歲了。
5. shame
shame是不可數(shù)名詞,意為“羞恥;羞愧;慚愧”?膳c不定冠詞a連用,表示“可恥的人或事;可惜(遺憾)的事”。例如:
He felt no shame for what he had done.
他對自己所做過的事不感到羞愧。
It’s a shame that you can’t stay for dinner.
你不能留下吃晚飯,真遺憾。
【拓展】shame常見的短語有:
feel shame at…因……而感到羞愧
in shame羞愧地
have no shame無羞恥心
with shame羞愧地
to one’s shame令某人感到羞愧的是
bring shame on使丟臉
6. regard
regard作及物動詞,意為“注視;注意;認作”。常用短語regard…as…意為“將……視為……;把……當作……”,as為介詞,其后可接名詞或代詞。例如:
I regard you as my best friend. 我把你當作我最好的朋友。
We regard him as our brother. 我們把他當成兄弟看待。
7. opposite
(1) opposite作介詞,意為“在……對面”,相當于across from,常與名詞一起構成介詞短語,表方位。例如:
They live opposite the bank. 他們住在銀行對面。
(2) opposite作形容詞,意為“另一邊的;對面的;相反的”。例如:
We live on the opposite side of the road. 我們住在馬路對面。
(3) opposite作副詞,意為“在對面”。例如:
There’s an old man living opposite. 有一個老人住在對面。
(4) opposite作名詞,意為“相反的人或物;對立面”,常與介詞of一起使用。例如:
“Tall” is the opposite of “short”. “高”是“矮”的反義詞。
8. consider
consider作動詞,意為“考慮、認為”,它的后面跟名詞、動名詞或者從句作賓語。
Please consider my suggestion.
請考慮我的建議。
Why don’t you consider visiting Qing Dao?
你為什么不考慮去青島參觀?
I consider that he is a selfish man.
我認為他是一個自私的人。
【拓展】
后接動名詞作賓語的動詞及短語可參考以下歸納:
完成,實踐,值得,忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy);
考慮,建議,不禁,想(consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like);
錯過,習慣,(別)放棄(miss, be used to, give up);
繼續(xù),喜歡,(要)介意(keep on, enjoy, mind)。
練一練:
I. 英漢互譯。
1. 多久___________________
2. not …any more __________
3. grow up_____________
4. 起初___________________
5. as for __________________
6. give up_____________
7. 至少________________
8. 一年一兩次________________
9. according to ______________
10. in order to___________________
II. 根據(jù)句意及漢語提示寫出所缺單詞。
1. All my life I have tried to be an _________(誠實的) man.
2. He tied a _________(圍巾) around his neck.
3. Please ________(檢查) your answer again.
4. It’s very comfortable to step on the _________(柔軟的) ground in the spring.
5. During the 1830s, countries all over the world started to build _________(鐵路).
6. He is the tallest one _____(在……當中) the boys.
7. In judging him you should ________(仔細考慮) his youth.
8. I have many pleasant _________(回憶) of our friendship.
9. My little son can _________(數(shù)數(shù)) from one to ten.
10. Miss Li _______(搜尋) on the Internet for the information she needed.
III. 用since或for填空。
1. Jill has been inIreland_________ Monday.
2. Jill has been inIreland_________ three days.
3. My aunt has lived inAustralia_________ 15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there _______ 7 o’clock.
5.Indiahas been an independent country ________ 1947.
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