來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整合 2021-11-30 14:01:30
。3.含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),通常將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ),而賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)就成為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。注意:省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),不定式符號(hào)to必須補(bǔ)上。例如:
Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday.(變被動(dòng)
He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday.
。4.不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu):動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為“to be +過(guò)去分詞”。例如:
The radio says a wild animal zoo is to ______ in our city.
A.be building
B.build
C.be built
D.built
5.以疑問(wèn)代詞開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)換成被動(dòng)句時(shí)要注意詞序:應(yīng)將主動(dòng)句中的疑問(wèn)代詞改為介詞by的賓語(yǔ),但仍然放在句子開(kāi)頭。例如:
Who has broken the cup?(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
→By whom has the cup been broken?
E.注意區(qū)別
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:
1)含義不同:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作由誰(shuí)完成、怎樣完成;而過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)通常用來(lái)描寫(xiě)情景,敘述人或事物的特征及所處的狀態(tài)。試比較:
The window is broken.窗子破了。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
The window is broken by him.窗子被他打破了。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
2)用法不同:過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)可以被 so,very,too等程度副詞修飾,而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則不能用so,very,too修飾,而需用much,very much,so much,too much修飾。試比較:
He was very interested in science.他對(duì)科學(xué)有極大興趣。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn t know what to do.我被那種場(chǎng)面搞得大吃一驚,不知所措。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
F.牢記(相關(guān))句型
初中教材中與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)相關(guān)的句型有:
1.be covered with被……覆蓋
2.be made of由……制作(發(fā)生物理變化)
be made from由……制作(發(fā)生化學(xué)變化)
be made in由(某地)制造
be made by被(某人)制造
3.be used for被用來(lái)……
be used as被當(dāng)作(作為)……來(lái)使用
be used to do sth.被用來(lái)做某事
4.It is said that...據(jù)說(shuō)……
It is hoped that...希望……
It is well known that...眾所周知……例如:
、—Your coat looks nice.Is it ______ cotton?
—Yes.It s ———— Shanghai.
A.made of;made by
B.made of;made in
C.made for;made by
D.made for;made in
、 This machine is used ______ the room wet.
A.for keeping
B.a(chǎn)s keeping
C.keep
D.to keeping
、 據(jù)說(shuō)在南京長(zhǎng)江上又在建一座橋。
______ ______ ______ that ______ ______ is being ______ over the Changjiang River in Nanjing.
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