來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2021-12-12 19:53:51
used to 和be used to的區(qū)別
一、在英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中傳統(tǒng)上把used to看作是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,因此,它的疑問(wèn)式應(yīng)當(dāng)是:Used +主語(yǔ)+to sth.?否定式應(yīng)當(dāng)是used not to或use(d)n't to。但是,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中,人們把used to看作是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,因此,它的疑問(wèn)式是:Did +主語(yǔ)+use to do sth.?否定式是:主語(yǔ)+didn't use...由于受到美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的影響,甚至在英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中,人們也很少使用“Used...+主語(yǔ)+to...”這種疑問(wèn)式,而使用“Did +主語(yǔ)+use...”這一疑問(wèn)式。例如:
①Did they use to play football?他們過(guò)去踢足球嗎?
②Did you use to smoke?你過(guò)去吸煙嗎?
③Did you use to take long walks in the countryside?你過(guò)去在農(nóng)村經(jīng)常進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)距離的散步嗎?
二、在帶有used to的陳述句后面,附加疑問(wèn)句中一般要使用功能詞did。但是,在附加疑問(wèn)句中也可以用used。例如:
①He used to smoke,didn't he?
②They usedn't to like opera,did they?
They didn't use to like opera,did they?
They used not to like opera,did they?
③You used to live in Wuhan,usedn't you?
④You used to like wine,use(d)n't you?
三、used to的否定形式的一般問(wèn)句常有以下兩種。例如:
Didn't you use to live near me?
Usen't you to live near me?你過(guò)去不住在我附近嗎?
四、used to指的是過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,目的在于與現(xiàn)在形成對(duì)照,如:I used to work hard.是說(shuō)“我過(guò)去常常努力工作。”暗含的意義是:我現(xiàn)在不努力工作了。在表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性這一點(diǎn)上,與would的意義相同(只不過(guò)used to既可用于表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作,又可用于表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。would只能用于表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作)。從形態(tài)上看used to是個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,其中的to是不定式符號(hào),后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。例如:
When I was a child,I would get up early.
People used to(不用would)believe the earth was flat.過(guò)去人們認(rèn)為地球是平的。
I used to like swimming.
When I was a child,I used to(不用would)like swimming.
我哥哥過(guò)去是解放軍,現(xiàn)在是教師。
誤:My elder brother would be a PLA man.He is now a teacher.
正:My elder brother used to be a PLA man. He is now a teacher.
五、be(get,become)used to結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上相當(dāng)于accustomed to“習(xí)慣于”,從形態(tài)上看,used是個(gè)分詞型形容詞,to是介詞,因此后面只能跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。例如:
They got used to living in the countryside.他們已習(xí)慣于住在農(nóng)村。
I've got used to being a vegetarian.我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣吃素食。
He is used to hard work.他習(xí)慣于艱苦工作。
六、be used to表示“習(xí)慣于某事”的狀態(tài),而get used to則表示由“不習(xí)慣”到“習(xí)慣于”這一動(dòng)態(tài)的過(guò)程,意思是:“(變得)習(xí)慣于”;“開(kāi)始習(xí)慣于”。試比較:
He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years.在那里住兩年后,他已習(xí)慣了寒冷的天氣。
I think it is a bit difficult for you to get used to the humid weather here.我想,讓你習(xí)慣于這里潮濕而炎熱的天氣有點(diǎn)困難。
You'll soon get used to living in the country.很快你就會(huì)習(xí)慣于住在鄉(xiāng)下了。
七、有時(shí)be used to是動(dòng)詞use的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),在這種結(jié)構(gòu)里,to是不定式符號(hào)。例如:
A metal bar was used to force the door open.用金屬棒把門(mén)撬開(kāi)。
The threshing ground was used to hold a mass meeting.打谷場(chǎng)曾用于舉行群眾大會(huì)。
八、be used to與be accustomed to的區(qū)別:前者一般用于指自然而然地成為習(xí)慣,后者常常用于指通過(guò)努力而成為習(xí)慣。試比較:
I am used to teaching English.我對(duì)教英語(yǔ)已習(xí)慣了。
Mrs Smith was not accustomed to leaving home during the winter.史密斯夫人不習(xí)慣冬天出門(mén)。
I am accustomed to taking coffee.我習(xí)慣了喝咖啡。
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