來源:網(wǎng)絡資源 2022-12-07 17:35:21
狀語從句的時態(tài)和語氣
狀語從句主句和從句的時態(tài)要保持一致。注意下列情況:
1、“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則
在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,主句是一般將來時/祈使句/含 有情態(tài)動詞原形,從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。但will在表示意愿時,可用于上述狀語從句。
I’ll tell him the good news as soon as he comes back tomorrow.
他明天一回來我就會告訴他這個好消息。
Go on until you reach the bridge.
繼續(xù)前行,直至你走到橋邊。
If you work hard, you can pass the examination.
如果你努力學習,你就能通過考試。
If you will wait, I’ll go and ask the manager.
如果你愿意等,我就去問問經(jīng)理。
2、No sooner... than.../hardly(scarcely)... when... 句型的時態(tài)問題
No sooner... than.../hardly(scarcely)... when...表示“一……, 就……”,引導時間狀語從句,主句須用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時。No sooner/hardly(scarcely)位于句首時,主句需倒裝。
He had no sooner been there than I told him about it.
他一來,我就告訴他了。
No sooner had he been here than I told him about it.
他一來,我就告訴他了。
3、as if(though)引導的方式狀語從句的時態(tài)和語氣問題
as if(though)引導方式狀語從句,若所述情況可能性小,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣,時態(tài)在原基礎上向過去退一步。若從句所述情況可能實現(xiàn),則用陳述語氣。
He speaks to me loudly as if I were deaf.
他大聲沖我說話,好像我是個聾子。(實際不是)
It is blowing hard as if it is going to rain.
風很大,好像要下雨了。(真要下雨)
4、if引導的條件狀語從句的時態(tài)和語氣問題
if引導的條件狀語從句,表示在某種條件下某事很可能發(fā)生。if還可以引導虛擬條件句,表示不可實現(xiàn)的條件,從句中多用一般過去時或過去完成時。
If I had enough money, I should(would)buy the car.
如果我有足夠的錢,我就會買下這輛車。(事實上現(xiàn)在錢不夠)
If I had got up earlier I should(would)have met her.
如果我起床早一些的話,我就會遇見她了。(事實上我起床晚了)
If he would come here tomorrow, I should(would)talk to him.
如果他明天來這里的話,我就會和他談一談。(事實上他明天來的可能性極小)
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